Integrative Seed Biology is a seed biology program at Oregon State University established by the NSF CAREER grant. The program consists of research and learning activities on plant seeds. This website introduces you to our research projects and useful information on seeds.     Home   Comments or Questions   National Science Foundation

What is our goal?

Seed biology deals with a wide range of events in the plant life cycle such as pollination, fertilization, embryogenesis, seed maturation, dormancy, and germination. Our research focuses mainly on the mechanisms of seed development, dormancy, and germination. Understanding the mechanism of seed dormancy and germination is of great significance to our basic knowledge in plant biology and is economically important for agricultural applications.

The current research in the Integrative Seed Biology Program at Oregon State University focuses on the fundamental question: how do plant seeds germinate? We investigate the mechanism of seed germination using biochemical and molecular biological approaches. 

Arabidopsis Seed Research

Seed germination is completed by the emergence of the embryo from the seed coat (Figure 1). Plants have evolved a number of strategies to regulate germination. Seeds of many species go through dormancy, a period during which germination is suppressed under conditions that are normally favorable for germination. Dormancy allows seeds to germinate in appropriate seasons or at locations suitable for seedling growth and further development. We investigate the mechanisms of seed dormancy and germination using the model plant Arabidopsis.

Hormone Metabolism in Seeds

Seed dormancy and germination are controlled primarily by the balance of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA), two plant hormones. ABA is involved in the induction and maintenance of seed dormancy, whereas GA releases dormancy and induces germination. Hormone levels are regulated by both biosynthesis and deactivation enzymes. Therefore, genes encoding ABA and GA biosynthesis and deactivation enzymes play critical roles in determining hormonal levels in seeds, and hence, dormancy and germination.
 

Expression of Hormone Metabolism Genes Is a Determinant of Seed Dormancy

Nine-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 6 (NCED6) encodes one of the rate-limiting (most critical), ABA biosynthesis enzymes. Induction of this gene by Plant Gene Switch System, a chemically induced gene expression system (in collaboration with Prof. Roger Beachy, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center; Washington University, St. Louis, MO), alters seed germination (Figure 2). The results suggest that expression of hormone metabolism genes can be a sole determinant of seed dormancy and germination, and provide a proof of concept for a robust technology to promote or suppress seed germination.

Seed dormancy is problematic when growers need to germinate seeds for agricultural production. However, it is also necessary to maintain seed dormancy under certain circumstances in agricultural production. For example, precocious germination from developing seeds on the maternal plant occurs due to the lack of dormancy and causes serious problems in agriculture. A well-known example is preharhest sprouting (called PHS) from developing wheat grains during production in fields. PHS is a serious problem in wheat production. This precocious germination dramatically reduces the quality of final products, which causes substantial financial losses for wheat growers and affects food supply in our society. Understanding the mechanisms of seed dormancy and germination will provide solutions to these agricultural problems.

(Martinez-Andujar et al., 2011; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 108: 17225-17229)

microRNA in Seeds

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small (~21-24 nucleotides), single-stranded RNAs that downregulate target genes at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. miRNAs play crucial roles in plant development, maintenance of homeostasis and responses to environmental signals. miRNAs and their target genes are expressed in developing and germinating seeds as in other plant tissues, suggesting their involvement in the regulation of gene expression in seeds.

To obtain insights into the biological function of seed-expressed miRNA target genes and their regulation by miRNAs, silent mutations can be introduced in the region of the target gene complementary to the miRNA without changing the amino acid sequences so that intact and functional target proteins will over-accumulate. This 'de-regulation' or 'de-repression' approach, which generates miRNA target genes resistant to the cleavage by miRNA-guided RISC (RNA-Induced Silencing Complex), provides useful information for plant and seed development and germination.

The miR156-miR172 Gene Regulation Cascades in Post-Germination

miR156 targets SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE13 (SPL13). Mutant seedlings expressing miR156-resistant SPL13 (mSPL13), which has silent mutations in the miR156 complementary sequence, overaccumulated SPL13 mRNA and exhibited a delay in seedling development. Microarray analysis was performed to investigate molecular mechanisms of seedling delay. One of the genes identified by microarray analysis that was down regulated the most was SCHNARCHZAPFEN (SNZ), an AP2-like gene. Interestingly, SNZ is a target of miR172. This opened a possibility of interaction between the miR156 and miR172 pathways. RT-PCR experiments indicatd that MIR172a and MIR172b were specifically upregulated in mSPL13 seedlings. Mature miR172 specifically over-accumulated in mSPL13 seedlings,  indicating that over-accumulation of SPL13 caused over-expression of the two MIR172 genes, which resulted in over-accumulation of mature miR172. These results suggest that the miRNA regulation cascades (miR156┤SPL13 → miR172 ┤SNZ) play a critical role during the postgermination developmental stages in Arabidopsis (Figure 3).

(Nonogaki 2010; Plant and Cell Physiology 51, 1840-1846)

AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR10 (ARF10), a miR160 Traget, Is Involved in the Auxin-ABA Crosstalk during Seed Germination

AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORS (ARFs) are transcription factors involved in auxin signal transduction during many stages of plant growth development. ARF10 is targeted by microRNA160 (miR160) in Arabidopsis thaliana. We have found that negative regulation of ARF10 by miR160 plays important roles in seed germination and post-germination. During sensu stricto germination (before radicle emergence), mARF10 mutant seeds that are resistant to miR160 were hypersensitive to ABA in a dose-dependent manner. ABA hypersensitivity was mimicked in wild-type plants by exogenous auxin (Figure 4). These results suggest that negative regulation of ARF10 by miR160 plays a critical role in seed germination and post-embryonic developmental programs, at least in part by mechanisms involving interactions between ARF10-dependent auxin and ABA pathways  

Figure 4. ABA dose–response curves for wild-type, ARF10, mARF10 and 35S:MIR160a seed germination. (a) ABA dose–response curve for ARF10 control (ARF10, closed circle), mARF10 (open circle) and 35S:MIR160a (open triangle) seeds. (b) ABA dose–response curve for of wild-type seeds in the presence (+IAA, open circle) and absence (-IAA, closed circle) of 10 uM IAA. Completion of germination was defined as radicle protrusion through the endosperm layer (sensu stricto germination).

(Liu P-P, et al. 2007; The Plant Journal, 52, 133-146).

Publications

Journals

Martinez-Andujar C, Pluskota WE, Bassel GW, Asahina M, Pupel P, Nguyen TT, Takeda-Kamiya N, Toubiana D, Bai B, Gorecki RJ , Fait A, Yamaguchi S, Nonogaki H. 2012. The mechanisms of hormonal regulation of endosperm cap-specific gene expression in tomato seeds. The Plant Journal (accepted).

Nambara E, Nonogaki H. 2012. Seed biology in the 21st century: perspectives and new directions. Plant and Cell Physiology 53, 1-4.

Martinez-Andujar C, Martin RC, Nonogaki H. 2012. Seed traits and genes important for translational biology - Highlights from recent discoveries. Plant and Cell Physiology 53, 5-15.

Martinez-Andujar C, Ordiz MI, Huang Z, Nonogaki M, Beachy RN, Nonogaki H. 2011. Induction of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds enhances seed dormancy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 108, 17225-17229.

Martinez-Andujar C, Martin RC, Bassel GW, Kumar MBA, Pluskota WE, Nonogaki H. 2011. Post-transcriptional gene regulation during seed germination and stand establishment. Acta Horticulturae 898, 53-59.

Nonogaki H. 2010. microRNA gene regulation cascades during early stages of plant development. Plant and Cell Physiology 51, 1840-1846.

Martin RC, Liu P-P, Goloviznina NA, Nonogaki H.2010  microRNA, seeds and Darwin? - Diverse function of miRNA in seed biology and plant responses to stress. Journal of Experimental Botany 61, 2229-2234.

Nonogaki H, Bassel GW, Bewley JD. 2010. Germinaton -still a mystery. Plant Science 179, 574-581.

Martin  RC, Asahina M, Liu P-P, Kristof JR, Coppersmith JL, Pluskota WE, Bassel GW, Goloviznina NA, Nguyen TT, Martinez-Andujar C, Kumar MBA, Pupel P, Nonogaki H. 2010. The microRNA156 and microRNA172 gene regulation cascades at post-germinative stages in Arabidopsis. Seed Science Research 20, 79-87.

Martin  RC, Asahina M, Liu P-P, Kristof JR, Coppersmith JL, Pluskota WE, Bassel GW, Goloviznina NA, Nguyen TT, Martinez-Andujar C, Kumar MBA, Pupel P, Nonogaki H. 2010. The regulation of post-germinative transition from the cotyledon- to vegetative-leaf stages by microRNA-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN LIKE13 in Arabidopsis. Seed Science Research 20, 89-96.

Kristof JR, Coppersmith JL, Hong K, Liu P-P, Homrichhausen TM, Sun J, Martin RC, Nonogaki H. 2008. An Arabidopsis thaliana embryo arrest mutant exhibiting germination potential. Seed Science Research 18: 55-65. 

Nonogaki, H. 2008. Repression of transcription factors by microRNA during seed germination and postgerminaiton: Another level of molecular repression in seeds? Plant Signaling and Behavior 3: 65-67.

Nonogaki H, Liu P-P, Hewitt JR, Martin RC. 2008. Regulation of seed germination and stand establishment - Importance of repression of developmental programs. Acta Horticulture 782: 51-57.

Liu P-P, Montgomery TA, Fahlgren N, Kasschau KD, Nonogaki H, Carrington  JC. 2007. Repression of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR10 by microRNA160 is critical for seed germination and post-germination stages. The Plant Journal, 52, 133-146.

Yuan JS, Yang X, Lai J, Lin H, Cheng ZM, Nonogaki H, Chen F. 2007. The endo-β-mannanase gene families in Arabidopsis, rice and poplar. Functional and Integrative Genomics 7, 1-16.

Nonogaki H. 2006. Seed germination - The biochemical and molecular mechanisms. Breeding Science 56, 93-105.

Martin RC, Liu P-P, Nonogaki H. 2006. MicroRNAs in seeds - Modified techniques and potential applications. Canadian Journal of Botany 84, 189-198.

Martin RC, Liu P-P, Nonogaki H. 2005. Simple purification of small RNAs from seeds and efficient detection of multiple microRNAs expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seeds. Seed Science Research 15, 319-328.

Liu P-P, Koizuka N, Martin RC, Nonogaki H. 2005. The BME3 (Blue Micropylar End 3) GATA zinc finger transcription factor is a positive regulator of Arabidopsis seed germination. The Plant Journal 44, 960-971.

Liu P-P, Koizuka N, Homrichhausen TM, Hewitt JR, Martin RC, Nonogaki H. 2005. Large scale screening of Arabidopsis enhancer-trap lines for seed germination-associated genes. The Plant Journal 41, 936-944.

Filichkin SA, Leonard JM, Monteros A, Liu P-P, Nonogaki H. 2004. A novel endo-β-mannanase gene in tomato LeMAN5 is associated with anther and pollen development. Plant Physiology 134, 1080-1087.

Homrichhausen TM, Hewitt JR, Nonogaki H. 2003. Endo-β-mannanase activity is associated with embryo development in germinating carrot (Daucus carota L.) seeds. Seed Science Research 13, 219-227.

Witmer X-H, Nonogaki H, Beers EP, Bradford KJ, Welbaum GE. 2003. Characterization of chitinase activity and gene expression in muskmelon seeds. Seed Science Research 13, 167-178.

Downie B, Gurusinghe S, Dahal P, Thacker RR, Snyder JC, Nonogaki, H, Yim K, Fukanaga K, Alvarado V, Bradford KJ. 2003. Expression of a GALACTINOL SYNTHASE gene in tomato seeds is up-regulated before maturation desiccation and again after imbibition whenever radicle protrusion is prevented. Plant Physiology 131, 1347-1359.

Zou X-H, Nonogaki H, Welbaum GE. 2002. A gel diffusion assay for visualization and quantification of chitinase activity. Molecular Biotechnology 22, 19-24.

Chen F, Nonogaki H, Bradford, KJ. 2002. A gibberellin-regulated xyloglucan endotransglycosylase gene is expressed in the endosperm cap during tomato seed germination. Journal of Experimental Botany 53, 215-223.

Nonogaki H, Gee OH, Bradford KJ.  2000. A germination-specific endo-β-mannanase gene is expressed in the micropylar endosperm cap of tomato seeds. Plant Physiology 123, 1235-1245.

Nonogaki H, Morohashi Y. 1999 Temporal and spatial pattern of the development of endo-β-mannanase activity in germinating and germinated lettuce seeds. Journal of Experimental Botany 50, 1307-1313.

Nonogaki H, Nomaguchi M, Morohashi Y, Matsushima H. 1998. Development and localization of endo-β-mannanase in the embryo of germinating and germinated tomato seeds. Journal of Experimental Botany 49,1501-1507.

Nonogaki H, Nomaguchi M, Okumoto N, Kaneko Y, Matsushima H, Morohashi Y. 1998. Temporal and spatial pattern of the biochemical activation of the endosperm during and following imbibition of tomato seeds. Physiologia Plantarum 102, 236-242.

Nonogaki H, Morohashi Y. 1996. An endo-β-mannanase develops exclusively in the micropylar endosperm of tomato seeds prior to radicle emergence. Plant Physiology 110, 555-559.

Nonogaki H, Nomaguchi M, Morohashi Y. 1995. Endo-β-mannanases in the endosperm of germinated tomato seeds. Physiologia Plantarum 94, 328-334.

Nomaguchi M, Nonogaki H, Morohashi Y. 1995. Development of galactomannan-hydrolyzing activity in the micropylar endosperm tip of tomato seed prior to germination. Physiologia Plantarum 94, 105-109.

Nonogaki H, Matsushima H, Morohashi Y.1992. Galactomannan hydrolyzing activity develops during priming in the micropylar endosperm tip of tomato seeds. Physiologia Plantarum 85, 167-172.

Books

Bewley, JD, Bradford KJ, Hilhorst HWM, Nonogaki H. (Forthcoming!) Seeds: Physiology of Development, Germination and Dormancy. Springer, New York.

Bradford KJ, Nonogaki H. 2007. Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination. Blackwell Publishing Plant Science, Oxford.
 

Book Chapters

Martinez-Andujar C, Nonogaki H. 2012. Seed Germination. In Encyclopedia of Science & Technology, McGraw Hill, in press.

Martin RC, Martinez-Andujar C, Nonogaki H. 2012. Role of miRNA in seed development. In R. Sunker, ed, MicroRNAs in Plant Development and Stress Responses. Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 109-121.

Pluskota WE, Martinez-Andujar C, Martin R.C., Nonogaki H. 2011. microRNA function in seed biology. In V. A. Erdmann, J. Barciszewski eds, Non coding RNAs in plants. Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 339-357

Kumar MB, A, Martin RC, Nonogaki H. 2011. Isolation of microRNAs that regulate seed dormancy. In A.R. Kermode ed, Methods in Molecular Biology: Seed Dormancy, Humana Press, Totowa, 773: 199-213.

Pluskota WE, Bradford KJ, Nonogaki H. 2011. Tissue-print methods for localization of RNA and proteins in seeds. In A.R. Kermode ed, Methods in Molecular Biology: Seed Dormancy, Humana Press, Totowa, 773: 329-339.

Chen, F., Martin R.C., Song SQ, and Nonogaki, H. 2010. Seed development and germination. In Trigiano R.N., Gray D.J. eds, Plant Tissue Culture: Development and Biotechnology, CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 125-138.

Martin RC, Pluskota WE, Nonogaki H. 2010. Seed germination. In E.C. Pua, M.R. Davey eds, Plant Developmental Biology - Biotechnological Perspectives, Springer, Heidelberg, pp.383-404.

Asahina M, Nonogaki H. 2009. The final determinant of seed germination: The mechanisms of weakening of seed covering tissues. In T. Yoshioka, K. Seiwa, The Society for the Study of Species Biology eds, Ecology, Physiology and Molecular Biology of Seed Germination. Bun-ichi Sogo Shuppan Co, Tokyo, pp 251-258.

Nonogaki H. 2008. Seed germination and reserve mobilization. Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester (www.els.net) doi: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0002047.pub2

Nonogaki H, Chen F, Bradford KJ. 2007. Mechanisms and genes involved in germination sensu stricto. In K.J. Bradford, H. Nonogaki, eds, Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination, Blackwell Publishing Plant Science, Oxford, pp 264-304.

Martin RC, Liu P-P, Nonogaki H. 2007. Seed microRNA research. In S. Adkins, S. Ashmore, S. Navie, eds, Seed Biology, Development and Ecology, CAB International, Wallingford, pp 354-364.

Liu P-P, Martin RC, Hewitt JR, Koizuka N, Homrichhausen T, Nonogaki H. 2007. A Seed-GUS-Expression enhancer-trap library for germination research. In S. Adkins, S. Ashmore, S. Navie, eds, Seed Biology, Development and Ecology, CAB International, Wallingford, pp 159-168.

Nonogaki H, Bradford KJ. 2003. Tissue printing for localization of mRNA expression in seeds. In K. J. Bradford, D. Come, G. Nicolas and H. Pritchard, eds, The Biology of Seeds: Recent Research Advances, CAB International, Wallingford, pp 171-179.

Alvarado V, Nonogaki H, Bradford KJ. 2000. Expression of endo-β-mannanase and SNF related protein kinase genes in true potato seeds in relation to dormancy, gibberellin and abscisic acid. In Viemont J-D, Crabbe J, eds, Dormancy in Plants: From Whole Plant Behaviour to Cellular Control. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 347-364.

Bradford KJ, Chen F, Cooley MB, Dahal P, Downie B, Fukunaga KK, Gee OH, Gurusinghe S, Mella RA, Nonogaki H, Wu C-T, Yim K-O. 2000. Gene expression prior to radicle emergence in imbibed tomato seeds. In Black M, Bradford KJ, Vazquez-Ramos J, eds, Seed Biology: Advances and Applications. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 231-251.

Invited Lectures and Seminars

 Nonogaki H. 2012. Seed Production Physiology/Global Seed Research Update. Japanese Seed Trade Association (Tokyo, Japan)

 Nonogaki H. 2012. Seed Production and Germination. Sakata Seed Corp. (Yokohama, Japan)

  Nonogaki H. 2011. Hormone metabolism during seed development and germination. INRA (Versailles, France)

  Martinez-Andujar C,  Ordiz IM, Huang Z, Nonogaki M, Beachy RN, Nonogaki H. 2011. Change in 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE alters seed dormancy and germination. 10th International Society for Seed Science Conference (Salvador, Brazil)

  Martinez-Andujar C, Pluskota WE, Bassel GW, Asahina M, Pupel P, Nguyen TT, Goloviznina NA, Gorecki R, Takeda-Kamiya N, Yamaguchi S, Kamiya Y, Nonogaki H. 2011. The mechanisms of endosperm cap-specific gene expression in tomaot seeds. 10th International Society for Seed Science Conference (Salvador, Brazil) 

  Nonogaki H. 2011. microRNA gene regulation cascades in the biology of seeds, Keynote Lecture, Israeli Society of Plant Sciences Conferenc (Sede Boqer, Israel)

  Nonogaki H. 2010. Closing the loop: Integrating seed quality into breeding programs, Asian and Pacific Seed Association Workshop (Kaohsiung, Taiwan)

  Nonogaki H. 2010. Plant domestication and breeding - Seed biology aspects, Korean Breeding Society Annual Meeting (Daejeon, Korea)

  Nonogaki H. 2010. OSU Integrative Seed Biology - Research overview, Kongju National University (Chung-Nam, Korea)

  Nonogaki H. 2010.  Embryogenesis, endosperm development and testa properties. Department of Genetics and Biotechnology Research Centre, Aarhus University (Flakkebjerg, Denmark)

 Nonogaki H. 2010. EU-funded Seed Biology Lecure Series. University of Warmia and Mazury (Olsztyn, Poland)

  Nonogaki H. 2010. Molecular mechanisms of seed germination. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University (College Station, TX) 

  Nonogaki H. 2010. Seed germination and stand establishment of tomato and Arabidopsis. Monsanto Company (Creve Coeur, MO)

  Nonogaki H. 2009. Hormonal regulation of seed germination. Volcani Center, The Agricultural Research Organization (Beit Dagan, Israel)

  Nonogaki H. 2009. Seed germination - Control through gene expression, mRNA stability and protein turnover. Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, French Associates Institute for Agriculture & Biotechnology of Drylands, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion (Sede Boqer, Israel)

  Nonogaki H. Bassel GW, Kumar MBA, Martin RC, Martinez-Andujar C, Pluskota WE. 2009. Transcriptional and posttranscriptional gene regulation during seed germination and stand establishment. 5th ISHS Symposium on Seed, Transplant and Stand Establishment of Horticultural Crops (Murcia, Spain)

  Nonogaki H. 2009. Seed germination and technology. Nunhems Seeds (Roermond, The Netherlands)

  Nonogaki H. 2009. Seed biology update - microRNA through Darwin. University of Warmia and Mazury, (Olsztyn, Poland)

  Nonogaki H. 2009. Seeds, microRNA and Darwin? Wageningen University (Wageningen, The Netherlands)

  Nonogaki H. 2009. Molecular mechanisms of seed germination and seedling establishment. American Seed Research Foundation/American Seed Trade Association meeting (Scottsdale, AZ)

  Nonogaki H. 2009. Recent progress in seed germination research. Valent Biosciences (Long Grove, IL)

  Nonogaki H. 2009. Seed biology, production and quality. Seed Biotechnology Center, University of California (Davis, CA)

  Nonogaki H. 2008. Regulation of gene expression by microRNA during germination and postgermination. University of Salamanca (Salamanca, Spain)

  Nonogaki H. 2008. microRNA function during seed germination and seedling development. INRA (Versailles, France)

  Nonogaki H. 2008. Multiple layers of molecular repression in seeds. Syngenta Seed Care (Basel, Switzerland)

  Pluskota WE, Asahina M, Chan T, Sun J, Dahal P, Van Deynze A, Bradford K, Takeda N, Yamaguchi S, Kamiya Y, Nonogaki H. 2008. Tissue-specific transcription factors in germinating tomato seeds. 9th International Society for Seed Science (ISSS) Conference on Seed Biology (Olstzyn, Poland)

  Nonogaki H, Pluskota WE. 2008. Tissue printing for RNA and protein localization in seeds. 9th International Society for Seed Science (ISSS) Conference on Seed Biology (Olstzyn, Poland)

  Nonogaki H, Martin RC, Asahina M, Pluskota W, Liu P-P, Kristof JR, Coppersmith JL, Pupel P. 2008. miRNA function in seed germination and postgermination stages. 9th International Society for Seed Science (ISSS) Conference on Seed Biology (Olstzyn, Poland)

  Nonogaki H. 2008 The regulation of gene expression by microRNA during seed germination and stand establishment. CEBAS-CSIC, Departamento de Nutricion Vegetal, Campus Universitario de Espinardo (Murcia, Spain)

  Nonogaki H. 2008. Repression of transcription factors by microRNA during seed germination and stand establishment - Another level of molecular repression in seeds? Monsanto Company (Chesterfield, MO)  

  Nonogaki H. 2008. Hormonal regulation of seed germination - Repression and de-repression of developmental programs. Donald Danforth Plant Science Center (St. Louis, MO)

  Nonogaki H. 2008. Seed germination and stand establishment. Columbia Basin Vegetable Seed Growers' Association/Washington State University (Moses Lake, WA)   

  Nonogaki H. 2007. The molecular mechanisms of seed germination - Repression and de-repression. De Ruiter Seeds (Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

  Nonogaki H. 2007. Molecular repression in seed germination. CEBAS-CSIC, Departamento de Nutricion Vegetal, Campus Universitario de Espinardo (Murcia, Spain)

  Nonogaki H, Liu P-P, Pupel P, Asahina M, Montgomery TA, Fahlgren N, Kasschau KD, Carrington JC, Martin RC. 2007. De-repression during seed germination. 2nd International Society for Seed Science (ISSS) Workshop on Molecular Aspects of Seed Dormancy and Germination (Salamanca, Spain)

 Nonogaki H. 2007. Seed germination research update: It's all about repression? Plant Science Center, RIKEN, (Yokohama, Japan)

  Nonogaki H. 2007. Seed biology, production and quality. Seed Biotechnology Center, University of California (Davis, CA)

  Nonogaki H. 2007. Plant genome project in relationship to seed germination and plant hormones, 19th Annual Western Plant Growth Regulator Conference (San Diego, CA)

  Nonogaki H. 2007. Seed germination and viability. Columbia Basin Vegetable Seed Growers' Association /Washington State University (Moses Lake, WA)

  Nonogaki H. 2007. Plant genome project in relationship to seed germination and plant hormones, 19th Annual Western Plant Growth Regulator Conference (San Diego, CA)

  Nonogaki, H, Liu P-P, Hewitt JR, Martin RC. 2006. Regulation of seed germination and stand establishment - Importance of repression of developmental programs. 4th ISHS International Symposium on Seed, Transplant and Stand Establishment of Horticultural Crops (San Antonio, TX) 

  Liu P-P, Nonogaki H. 2006. Functional characterization of the BME3 GATA zinc finger protein in Arabidopsis seed germination. The American Society of Plant Biologists Annual Meeting. (Boston, MA)

  Nonogaki H. 2006. De-regulation of transcription factors from miRNAs in seeds. INRA (Versailles, France)

  Nonogaki H. 2006. MicroRNA in seeds and Darwin's book. University of Freiburg, Germany (Freiburg, Germany)

  Nonogaki H. 2006. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation in Arabidopsis seed germination. University of Angers, France (Angers, France)

  Nonogaki H. 2006. De-repression of transcription factor from microRNA in seed germination. University of Salamanca, Spain (Salamanca, Spain)

  Nonogaki H. 2006. Transcription factors and microRNAs in seed germination. Molecular Plant Sciences Seminar, Washington State University. (Pullman, WA)

 Nonogaki H. 2006. Seed transcription factors, microRNAs and Darwin's book. Plant Science Center, RIKEN, Japan. (Yokohama, Japan)

  Nonogaki H. 2005. Seed, microRNA and Darwin's last book. Plant and Soil Science Seminar Series, University of Kentucky. (Lexington, KY)

  Hewitt JR, Liu P-P, Koizuka N, Homrichhausen TM, Martin RC, Nonogaki H. 2005. Tissue-specific transcription factors expressed in germinating Arabidopsis seeds. 8th International Workshop on Seeds. (Brisbane, Australia)

  Martin RC, Liu P-P, Koizuka N, Nonogaki H. 2005. Development of a screening system for microRNAs in germinating Arabidopsis seeds. 8th International Workshop on Seeds. (Brisbane, Australia)

  Nonogaki H. 2005. Seed biology, production and quality. Seed Biotechnology Center, University of California (Davis, CA)

  Liu P-P, Nonogaki H. 2004. Screening of Arabidopsis enhancer-trap lines for seed germination-associated genes. The American Society of Plant Biologists Annual Meeting. (Orlando, FL)

  Nonogaki H. 2004. Seed tissue print. Wageningen University, Seed Center, Master Course (Wageningen, The Netherlands)  

  Nonogaki H, Liu P-P, Homrichhausen TM, Hewitt JR, Park EJ. 2004. Enhancer trap of germination-associated genes in Arabidopsis seeds. 9th International Symposium on Plant Seeds (Meisdorf, Germany)

  Homrichhausen TM, Liu P-P, Nonogaki H. 2004. Screening of Arabidopsis enhancer-trap lines for genes expressed in seeds. 29th West Coast Biological Sciences Undergraduate Research Conference (San Diego, CA)

  Hewitt JR, Liu, P-P, Nonogaki H. 2004. Physiological roles of the endosperm in Arabidopsis seed germination. 29th West Coast Biological Sciences Undergraduate Research Conference (San Diego, CA)

  Hewitt JR, Nonogaki H. 2003. Development of a procedure to distinguish annual and perennial ryegrass seeds. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Undergraduate Summer Research Conference 2003 (Corvallis, OR)

  Homrichhausen TM, Nonogaki H. 2003. Tissue-specific gene expression in plant seeds. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Undergraduate Summer Research Conference 2003 (Corvallis, OR)

 Nonogaki H. 2003. The mechanism of germination in tomato and carrot seeds. RIKEN (Wako, Japan)  

  Nonogaki H. 2003. Seed biology, production and quality. Seed Biotechnology Center, University of California (Davis, CA)

  Nonogaki H, Bradford KJ. 2002. Tissue printing for localization of mRNA expression in seeds. 7th International Workshop on Seed Biology. (Salamanca, Spain)

 Nonogaki H. 2002. The mechanism of seed germination. National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science [NIVTS], National Agricultural Research Organization [NARO] (Tsu, Japan)

Poster Presentations and Abstracts

Fernandez-Arbaizar A, Nonogaki H, Sanz L, Lorenzo O. 2011. The clade-A protein phosphatase 2C HAB2 is an essential component of the ABA signalling pathway in Arabidopsis seeds. Informativo Abrates (Brazilian Association of Seed Technology) Special Issue, p.75.

Pupel P, Pluskota WE, Bassel GW, Głowacka K, Takeda N, Yamaguchi S, Kamiya Y, Nonogaki H, Gorecki RJ. 2011. Analysis of NP24, a thaumatin-like gene, in germinating tomato seeds.  Informativo Abrates (Brazilian Association of Seed Technology) Special Issue, p.133.

Nonogaki H, Bassel GW, Kumar MB A, Pluskota WE, Martinez-Andujar C, Martin RC, Goloviznina NA, Nguyen TT. 2009. Identification of microRNAs potentially associated with seed germination and dormancy. The American Society of Plant Biologists Annual Meeting (Honolulu, HI)

Pupel P, Martin RC, Asahina M, Pluskota W, Liu P-P, Kristof JR, Coppersmith JL, Nonogaki H. 2008. Repression of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN13 by miR156/157 is critical forphase transition after germination. 9th International Society for Seed Science Conference on Seed Biology (Olstzyn, Poland)

Asahina M, Chan T, Nonogaki H. 2007. Gibberellin-inducible transcription factors during seed germination in Arabidopsis and tomato. Translational Seed Biology (Davis, CA).

Nonogaki H, Liu, P-P, Hewitt JR, Homrichhausen TM, Martin RC, Montgomery TA, Fahlgren N, Kasschau KD, Carrington JC, Gonzalez-Garcia M-P,  Lorenzo O. 2007. Potential crosstalk between auxin and ABA during seed germination and postgermination. 19th International Plant Growth Substances Association Meeting (Puerto Vallarta, Mexico)

Liu P-P, Gonzalez-Garcia M-P, Homrichhausen TM, Hewitt JR, Martin RC, Nonogaki H, Lorenzo O. 2007. Involvement of the plant-specific PWWP protein in hormone signaling during seed germination and post-germination. 2nd 2nd International Society for Seed Science Workshop on Molecular Aspects of Seed Dormancy and Germination (Salamanca, Spain)

Hewitt JR, Coppersmith JL, Liu P-P, Hong K, Sun J, Homrichhausen TM, Martin RC, Nonogaki H. 2007. Germination potential during seed development. 2nd International Society for Seed Science Workshop on Molecular Aspects of Seed Dormancy and Germination (Salamanca, Spain)

Nonogaki H, Liu PP, Montgomery TA, Fahlgren N, Kasschau KD, Carrington JC. 2007.Repression of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR10 by microRNA160 is critical for plant development. 18th International Conference on Arabidopsis Research (Beijing, China)

Martin RC, Nonogaki H, Liu P-P. 2007. microRNA isolation and detection from seeds. Plant and Animal Genome XV Conference (San Diego, CA)

Hewitt JR, Liu P-P, Nonogaki H. 2006. An Arabidopsis mutant exhibiting early arrested embryos with partial desiccation tolerance. The American Society of Plant Biologists Annual Meeting. (Boston, MA)

Koizuka N, Homrichhausen TM, Hewitt JR, Liu P-P, Martin RC, Nonogaki H. 2005. Tissue- and stage-specific expression of a PWWP protein gene in Arabidopsis seeds during germination sensu stricto. The American Society of Plant Biologists Annual Meeting. (Seattle, WA)

Hewitt JR, Liu P-P, Nonogaki H. 2004. Testa and endosperm rupture in germinating Arabidopsis seeds. The American Society of Plant Biologists Annual Meeting (Orlando, FL)

Homrichhausen TM, Liu P-P, Nonogaki H. 2004. Tissue-specific expression of a protein phosphatase 2C in germinated Arabidopsis seeds. The American Society of Plant Biologists Annual Meeting (Orlando, FL)

Homrichhausen TM, Hewitt JR, Nonogaki H. 2003. Endo-β-mannanase activity and completion of embryogenesis in imbibed carrot (Daucus carota L.) seeds. The American Society of Plant Biologists Annual Meeting (Honolulu, HI)

Zou X-H, Nonogaki H, Beers EP, Bradford KJ, Welbaum GE. 2002. Characterization of chitinase activity and gene expression in muskmelon seeds. VII International Workshop on Seed Biology. (Salamanca, Spain)

Chen F, Nonogaki H, Bradford KJ. 2000 A xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET) gene is expressed during tomato seed germination. American Society of Plant Physiologist Annual Meeting 2000, (San Diego)

Nonogaki H, Gee OH, Bradford KJ. 2000. Molecular cloning of a germination-specific mannanase cDNA from tomato seeds. American Society of Plant Physiologist Annual Meeting 2000 (San Diego)

Zou X, Beers EP, Welbaum GE, Nonogaki H, Bradford KJ. 1999 Chitinase activities in germinating muskmelon (Cucumis melo) seeds. Plant Biology 99, American Society of Plant Physiologists (Baltimore)

Nonogaki H, Morohashi Y. 1999. Temporal and spatial patterns of endo-β-mannanase expression in lettuce seeds. VI International Workshop on Seed Biology (Merida, Mexico)

Bewley JD, Burton RA, Morohashi Y, Nonogaki H, Fincher GB. 1997. A cDNA encoding an endo-β-mannanase from germinated tomato seed. Plant Physiol 114 (Suppl): Abstract #1525.